The 1970s and 1980s are often referred to as the Golden Era of Malayalam cinema. This period saw the emergence of acclaimed filmmakers like Adoor Gopalakrishnan, K.R. Meera, and Hariharan, who produced films that garnered national and international recognition. Movies like "Swayamvaram" (1972), "Aparan" (1982), and "Papanasam" (1983) showcased the industry's creative and technical prowess.

The first Malayalam film, , was released in 1938, marking the beginning of a new era in Kerala's cinematic journey. Initially, films were largely based on mythological and historical themes, but over time, the industry diversified to explore social issues, politics, and everyday life. The 1950s and 1960s saw the emergence of notable filmmakers like G. R. Rao and Kunchacko, who contributed to the growth of the industry.

Malayalam cinema is deeply rooted in Kerala's culture and society. The industry has played a significant role in shaping the state's identity and reflecting its values. Many films are based on traditional folk tales, myths, and legends, preserving the state's rich cultural heritage. The industry has also been a platform for social commentary, addressing pressing issues like casteism, communalism, and women's rights.